Silicon Valley founding father Gordon E. Moore is a seminal figure in the history of computing. A successful engineer, and manager, Moore is best known for three things: membership in the cofounding Intel, Corporation; and being the of “Moore’s Law,” which has been an inspiration for the semi- conductor industry over 40 years.
Moore was born on 3 January 1929 in San Francisco, California and spent his early in the pastoral town of Pescadero, before his family to another Northern California town called Redwood City. As child, Moore developed a liking for mathematics and chemistry. Although he was a good student, throughout of his high school career Moore was in playing sports than hitting the books. It wasn’t his senior year that he became serious academics.
Upon graduation from Sequoia High School, matriculated San Jose State University, became the first member of his family to college. After two years at San Jose State, he changed to the University of California Berkeley where he a degree in Chemistry. He then went on to obtain a doctorate in Physics and Chemistry
Although Northern California is now an epicenter of technology when Moore finishing graduate school there were few high tech jobs He moved his family to Maryland, where he a position at Johns Hopkins University. As a researcher, Moore enjoyed his work, but the pragmatic side of his with the university research culture: Moore wanted his work to result in something useful.
Opportunity knocked in the of William Shockley, the brilliant but contentious Bell Labs physicist who co-invented the transistor in 1947. Shockley readying to leave Bell Labs, return his Northern California roots, and launch his business, Shockley Semiconductor. He amassed a team of brilliant specialists, and Moore was brought in a chemist. This golden opportunity for Moore, however, was tarnished. As a manager Shockley proved to be difficult, secretive, and distrustful. Not surprisingly, this problem for his staff and many at the company grew dissatisfied. Moore and a group of seven, who would become known as the “Traitorous Eight” or “the Fairchild Eight,” decided enough was enough and left Shockley to launch their own company. With a $500 investment from man and backing from Fairchild Camera and Instrument, Fairchild Semiconductor Corporation was born 1957.
At Fairchild, Moore and his did a lot of pioneering work, but by far the most important was the creation of the integrated, a thin silicon that has been specially processed so that a tiny electric circuit is. The circuit have many microscopic individual elements, resistors, all electrically connected in a particular way to perform some useful function. The IC was of another of the Traitorous Eight, Robert Noyce (although Jack Kilby at Texas Instruments also developed at virtually the same time as Noyce).
Although the environment at Fairchild was a major improvement worked for Shockley, Moore unhappy with the parent company’s management. He and Robert Noyce decided to branch out on their own to semiconductors. By July of 1968 Moore and Noyce had new semiconductor company, which called Intel. It was at Intel, in 1971, the very first microprocessor, the 4004, was created. Since then, Intel has industry leader in producing ever-faster microprocessors. This is due, in large part, to “Moore’s Law,” prediction that number of transistors and other components that could be economically placed on a chip would double every year (the “law” was later revised to every 18 months).
Moore has richly rewarded for his hard work and risk taking. Intel Corporation became the largest manufacturers in the semiconductor industry. Moore is an IEEE Fellow, a member of the National Academy of Engineering, and winner of the National Medal of Technology, the Franklin Institute’s Bower Leadership Award, and the Presidential Medal of Freedom. Furthermore, he was the IEEE Medal of Honour in 2008 "For pioneering technical roles in integrated-circuit processing, and leadership in the development of MOS, the microprocessor computer and the semiconductor industry.”
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